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Influenza A virus is shed in the saliva, mucus, and feces of infected birds; other infected animals may shed bird flu viruses in respiratory secretions and other body fluids (e.g., cow milk). [9] The virus can spread rapidly through poultry flocks and among wild birds. [9]
3 paź 2023 · Currently circulating zoonotic influenza viruses have not yet demonstrated sustained person-to-person transmission. As influenza viruses have a natural reservoir in aquatic birds they are impossible to eradicate.
Transmission and spread. Several factors can contribute to the spread of avian influenza viruses, such as: Movement of infected birds. Farming and sale (live bird markets) Wild birds and migratory routes. In birds, avian influenza viruses are shed in the faeces and respiratory secretions.
16 maj 2024 · It primarily spreads from infected birds to humans through close contact with birds or contaminated environments, such as in backyard poultry farm settings and at markets where birds are sold. There have also been limited reports of transmission from other infected animals to humans.
9 lut 2023 · Avian influenza viruses can be transmitted directly from wild birds to domestic poultry or indirectly e.g. through contaminated material. The virus spreads directly from bird to bird via airborne transmission or indirectly, through faecal contamination of material, feathers or feed.
19 sie 2022 · Distributions of estimates of the basic reproduction number (R 0) for avian influenza virus transmission within (left) and between (right) flocks from a review of 26 published articles.
30 wrz 2024 · A (H5N1 ) bird flu viruses that are currently circulating in wild birds and poultry in much of the world are genetically different from earlier versions of the virus and emerged to become the predominant subtype of HPAI H5 in the fall of 2021.
