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AP Biology glossary of key terms with definitions, must-know facts, and related terms you need to know for your exam.
Small desert mammals have high SA:V ratio which makes loss of water fast. To control loss of water, they develop smaller kidneys to produce less urine. On the other hand, the big SA:V ratio of an elephant is very low which makes them hard to cool down during the hot months.
Cell Membrane. Also known as the plasma membrane, the cell membrane is a semi-permeable area in a cell that separates the interior components of the cell from the extracellular matrix. Ions and organic molecules can selectively pass through the membrane.
4 lut 2010 · Active transport is the movement of molecules and ions through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration using energy from respiration. Active transport requires carrier proteins (each carrier protein being specific for a particular type of molecule or ion)
To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, the cell must use energy. This energy is harvested from ATP generated through the cell’s metabolism. Active transport mechanisms, collectively called pumps, work against electrochemical gradients.
6 mar 2024 · Cotransport, also known as secondary active transport, refers to the process by which two or more different types of molecules or ions are transported across a cell membrane simultaneously, often in the same direction, with the help of a carrier protein.
A long chain of amino acids is known as a polypeptide. Proteins serve many functions in cells. They act as enzymes that catalyze chemical reactions, provide structural support, regulate the passage of substances across the cell membrane, protect against disease, and coordinate cell signaling pathways.
