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27 maj 2022 · Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), also known as granular ER, is a type of endoplasmic reticulum, a membrane-bound cellular organelle found in all eukaryotic cells, including both plant and animal cells. The main function of RER is synthesis, folding, modification, and transport of proteins to different target organelles within or outside the cell.
5 kwi 2021 · By analogy with the reported functional interaction of ATL2 and FAM134B in ER-phagy in mammalian cells (Liang et al., 2018), a loss in RHD3 may be conducive to a missed clearance of ER membranes through ER-phagy in rhd3 and an increase in phospholipids.
While the ER is defined as an interconnected network with a continuous membrane, the different structures that make up the ER perform very diverse and specialized functions within the cell. The nuclear envelope is made up of two lipid bilayers, the inner nuclear membrane (INM) and outer nuclear membrane (ONM), and shares a common lumen with the ...
5 kwi 2021 · The plant ER traverses the cell as a bundle of membranes through invaginations of the tonoplast forming the transvacuolar strands, which are normally one or two per cell. At the cell cortex, the architecture of the ER network comprises interconvertible tubules and cisternae .
In this review, we will re-view recent and significant advances in the understanding of the mechanisms that control the dynamic shape of the plant ER network and connect the ER membrane with the cytoskeleton and with other cellular membranes, as well as the processes that guide ER degradation through ER-phagy.
6 paź 2017 · Electron microscopy studies have revealed the presence of smooth ER, rough ER, and nuclear envelope regions (Hawes et al., 1981; Craig and Staehelin, 1988; Staehelin, 1997). The rough and smooth ER regions are subdomains with associated ribosomes or ribosome-free regions, respectively.
4 paź 2019 · The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) is a part of the endomembrane system of the cell and a subset of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This organelle is primarily concerned with the synthesis, folding and modification of proteins, especially those that need to be delivered to different organelles within the cell, or secreted from the cell.
