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The journey of antibiotic development and resistance. Key dates for introduction of different penicillin classes and corresponding emergence of resistance are shown (top and bottom, respectively). Examples of different generations of penicillin are indicated and color-coded as in Figure 3.
12 paź 2017 · 136 Citations. 39 Altmetric. Metrics. Abstract. Antimicrobial resistance constitutes a global burden and is one of the major threats to public health. Although the emergence of resistant...
7 gru 2017 · INTRODUCTION. Molecular characterization of the genetic mechanism (s) underlying a given phenotypic result, obtained by traditional antimicrobial sensitivity testing, is now an integral part of many clinical investigations in relation to bacterial infections, whether in humans or animals.
Plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance encompasses most, if not all classes of antibiotics currently in clinical use and includes resistance to many that are at the forefront of antibiotic therapy. Notable among these are commonly used cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.
To provide a comprehensive classification of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms, we will categorize them according to the biochemical route involved in resistance, as follows: (i) modifications of the antimicrobial molecule, (ii) prevention of the compound reaching the antibiotic target (by decreasing penetration or actively extruding the ...
1 gru 2009 · Some methods provide quantitative results (eg, minimum inhibitory concentration), and all provide qualitative assessments using the categories susceptible, intermediate, or resistant. In general, current testing methods provide accurate detection of common antimicrobial resistance mechanisms.
29 lis 2018 · Selman Waksman, a prominent researcher in the field of actinomycetes in the early part of the twentieth century, described the term antibiotic as a chemical compound generated from microorganisms that inhibits or destroys other microbes (Hopwood, 2007; Davies and Davies, 2010).
