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1 cze 2021 · Discuss the distinct origins of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from SIVs and the multiple cross-transmission events from apes to humans. •. Describe the origin of the initial HIV infections in south-central Africa, the key reasons for viral dissemination to other areas of sub-Saharan Africa, and the ultimate global spread of HIV. •.
5 maj 2003 · In this study we date the introduction of HIV-2 into the human population and estimate the epidemic history of HIV-2 subtype A in Guinea-Bissau, the putative geographic origin of HIV-2.
Phylogenetic analyses have revealed the origins of HIV-1: chimpanzees were the original hosts of this clade of viruses; four lineages of HIV-1 have arisen by independent cross-species transmissions to humans and one or two of those transmissions may have been via gorillas.
1 sty 2018 · This entry focuses on the current knowledge about how HIV-2, the second and more benign form of the human immunodeficiency virus, is transmitted (“HIV-2 Transmission”). First, the origin and geographical distribution of HIV-2 transmission over time will be discussed.
1 sty 2011 · Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) from chimpanzees and gorillas from west-central Africa have crossed the species barrier on at least four occasions leading to HIV-1 in humans. HIV-2 viruses result from at least eight independent transmissions of SIVs infecting sooty mangabeys from West Africa.
1 lut 2017 · From Africa, HIV rapidly spread in the late 1960s to the Caribbean and then the United States, Europe, and other areas of the world, leading to the global AIDS pandemic. Both HIV-1 and HIV-2 descended genetically from Simian immunodeficiency virus via cross-species transmission.
1 sty 2004 · HIV-1 has its origin in chimpanzees and is the result of three separate transfers to humans; by contrast, HIV-2 is most closely related to strains in the sooty mangabey and is the result of at...
