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26 lis 2023 · The "4-2-1" Rule for Maintenance Fluid Therapy in Infants and Children - Pediatric Anesthesia Digital Handbook. Background. One of the primary objectives of maintenance parenteral fluid therapy is to provide water to meet physiologic losses (insensible loss + urine loss).
Perioperative Fluid Management: The 4 – 2 – 1 rule for maintenance IV fluid therapy (Normal Saline or Ringer’s Lactate): 4 ml/kg/hr for the first 10kg of body mass. 2 mg/kg/hr for the next 10 kg of body mass. 1 mg/kg/hr for body mass beyond 20kg.
5 lip 2023 · Calculate hourly maintenance fluid rates using standard weight-based formula (4-2-1 rule) Do not use maintenance IV fluids at rates above calculated maintenance, and calculate replacement for ongoing fluid losses separately from maintenance
The 4-2-1 rule is a simplified method for estimating hourly maintenance fluid requirements in pediatric patients. The 4-2-1 rule provides an alternative approach to the Holliday-Segar formula, which calculates daily fluid requirements.
25 wrz 2023 · Postoperatively, isotonic fluids should be administered using half the 4-2-1 rule (i.e., 2-1-0.5) for the first 12 hours or until the patient starts drinking. Unlike in adults, hypotension is a late finding of dehydration in pediatric patients.
As stated earlier, calculations are done according to the “4-2-1” rule. This rate can be used solely for parental fluid administration or as a goal for the total hourly fluid intake (also taking into account continuous infusions and/or high-volume medications).
2 wrz 2021 · Fluid deficit in children may vary preoperatively from no deficit to severe deficit based on the etiology for which the child is coming into theatre. Fluid Management can be broadly covered in three main parts: (1) resuscitation fluid, (2) maintenance fluid and (3) replacement for the losses.
