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A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work. Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now, they are mostly used for electric power generation.
Water turbine is a device that transforms the potential energy of a head of water into mechanical work. Turbines vary widely in form and application. At one extreme is the pure impulse machine where the flow is generally low but the head is large.
An impulse turbine has water moving with high kinetic energy through a nozzle aimed at turbine blades to cause them to rotate. A reaction turbine creates torque by reacting to the pressure of a fluid moving through the turbine, thus converting potential energy to kinetic energy.
The type of hydropower turbine selected for a project is based on the height of standing water—referred to as "head"—and the flow, or volume of water over time, at the site. Other deciding factors include how deep the turbine must be set, turbine efficiency, and cost.
These units, together with the Deriaz mixed-flow turbine (invented in 1956), constitute the arsenal of modern water turbines. By the mid-19th century, water turbines were widely used to drive sawmills and textile mill equipment, often through a complex system of gears, shafts, and pulleys.
The hydroelectric turbine is a device capable of transforming the kinetic energy of water into mechanical energy. They're an essential element of hydroelectric power stations and have very high performance. It is estimated that turbines are able to convert over 90% of water’s kinetic energy into mechanical energy.
3 kwi 2018 · A water turbine is a machine that transforms the energy of a stream of water into mechanical energy using a system of rotating blades. This mechanical energy can be used to power another engine or an electrical generator.
