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To visually identify legions, they also bore a specific emblem, a symbolic representation of the legion, frequently an animal or mythological figure, which appeared on the vexillum, a small rectangular flag that served as the legion's standard and carried both the emblem and name of the legion.
Sacramentum. Żołnierze rzymscy składali wojskową przysięgę (sacramentum militare lub militum / militiae). Przysięga była składana, aby udowodnić swoją lojalność konsulowi w czasach republikańskich, a za cesarstwa cesarzowi. Od III wieku n.e. przysięgi odbywały się co roku, dnia 3 stycznia.
From the time of Gaius Marius (2nd half of the 2nd century BCE), the sole sign of the legions was a silver/bronze eagle (later golden), with wings raised, symbolizing Jupiter (aquila). At that time, the ensign was called aquilifera and was entitled to a circular shield.
An aquila (Classical Latin: [ˈakᶣɪla]; lit. ' eagle ') was a prominent symbol used in ancient Rome, especially as the standard of a Roman legion. A legionary known as an aquilifer, the "eagle-bearer", carried this standard. Each legion carried one eagle.
9 lut 2024 · Explore ancient Rome's symbols, from the she-wolf to the Chi Rho, and uncover their meanings and impact on history and culture.
Roman military standards were emblems adopted by units of the Roman army. There were three main types of standard (Aquila, Vexillum, Signum). Several throughout its history include: Aquila, the emblem of the Roman legion whose adoption Pliny the Elder attributes to the general Gaius Marius.
List of Roman legions that were formed throughout the history of ancient Rome. Until the 1st century BCE Roman legions were formed for the needs of military campaigns, and then disbanded after their end. Soldiers were both recruited as part of the general conscription and volunteers were recruited.
