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Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), is a relatively common condition in dogs, although the diagnosis is often overlooked. This article provides guidance on the pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, and medical and surgical treatment for this condition.
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How is dry eye treated? The treatment of dry eye has two objectives: to stimulate tear production and to replace tear film, thereby protecting the cornea. There are two commonly used eye medications to stimulate tear production: cyclosporine (brand name Optimmune®) and tacrolimus.
Normal tear production in the dog is 15-25mm/min. Dry eye is usually treated with a combination of topical lubricants and tear stimulants drugs – cyclosporine, tacrolimus. These treatments are ongoing for the life of the dog.
The treatment for dry eye will depend on the primary cause, which can be obscured by secondary problems. In many cases, pre-existing inadequate tear production can allow infections to invade the conjunctiva. Antibiotic drops are most commonly prescribed to clear up the infection.
The Miracle of Cyclosporine. In 1987 the development of cyclosporine revolutionized the treatment of dry eye in dogs. It was discovered that cyclosporine stimulated tear production. Restasis, a commonly used eye drop for people, hit the market around ten years after the dog equivalent.
30 mar 2023 · Treatment of KCS may include: Eye drops to stimulate tear production; Artificial tears; Antibiotic drops to treat secondary bacterial infections and corneal ulcers; Steroid eye drops to treat inflammation; Severe cases may require surgical therapy, which involves re-routing a salivary duct to the eye to provide lubrication.
If your dog’s dry eye is spotted and treated before their entire tear gland is destroyed, they are likely to respond well and stay under control for many years. If medication is unsuccessful, you will need to consider options such as a parotid duct transposition or even enucleation (surgery to remove their eyes) .
