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Electrical and Automation Engineering, 2022. A microcontroller (sometimes called an MCU or microcontroller unit) is an integrated circuit (IC) commonly used for a specific application and designed to perform certain tasks.
1. Introduction to Microcontrollers. 1.1 Introduction. A microcontroller is a computer with most of the necessary support chips onboard. All computers have several things in common, namely: A central processing unit (CPU) that ‘executes’ programs. Some random-access memory (RAM) where it can store data that is variable. .
The term microcontroller or microcomputer is used to describe a system that includes a minimum of a microprocessor, program memory, data memory, and input–output (I/O). Some microcontroller systems include additional components, such as timers, counters, analog-to-digital (A/D) converters, and so on.
Basically, 7 bit numbers were mapped to letters, numbers, punctuation, symbols, and control characters. Some examples are A is 65, Z is 90, a is 97, z is 122, 0 is 48, 9 is 57. The most used control characters are carriage return (13 or \r) and line feed (10 or \n).
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This document provides detailed information on the 8051 microcontroller, including its architecture, programming, and applications.
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