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In physics, chemistry, and other related fields like biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma.
28 sie 2024 · Matter undergoes phase changes or phase transitions from one state of matter to another. Below is a complete list of the names of these phase changes of matter. The most commonly known are those six between solids, liquids, and gasses.
8 paź 2020 · Ionization: When you turn on a plasma ball toy, the noble gases inside are ionized by an electric charge and become plasma. The aurora is another example of ionization.
Phase changes to a more energetic state include the following: Melting —Solid to liquid; Vaporization —Liquid to gas (included boiling and evaporation) Sublimation —Solid to gas; Ionization Gas to plasma; Phase changes to a less energetic state are as follows: Condensation —Gas to liquid; Freezing —Liquid to solid; Recombination ...
Fusion, vaporization, and sublimation are endothermic processes, whereas freezing, condensation, and deposition are exothermic processes. Changes of state are examples of phase changes, or phase transitions. All phase changes are accompanied by changes in the energy of a system.
This chapter expands on the topics of heat and thermodynamics by discussing the states of matter and how substances change their phase. We’ll learn about the energy required to create phase changes, and analyze the heat, temperature, and phase diagrams of different substances.
The reason why the structural physicist has so much to offer here is that, in a large class of phase transitions, the system undergoes a symmetry change. Here is a reminder of a few generic facts about phase transitions.
