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16 wrz 2008 · A simple way to terminate a Python script early is to use the built-in quit() function. There is no need to import any library, and it is efficient and simple. Example: #do stuff if this == that: quit()
The keys method returns all keys in a dictionary, the values method returns all values in a dictionary and items method returns all key-value pairs in a dictionary. > a.keys() ['x', 'y', 'z'] > a.values() [1, 2, 3] > a.items() [('x', 1), ('y', 2), ('z', 3)] The for statement can be used to iterate over a dictionary.
Anatomy of a Function def main(): mid = average(10.6, 7.2) print(mid) def average(a, b): sum = a + b return sum / 2 Think/Pair/Share: Find the function definition, function name, parameter(s), and return value in average.
A function is a group of statements that exist within a program for the purpose of performing a specific task. Since the beginning of the semester we have been using a number of Python’s built-in functions, including: print() range() len() random.randint() ... etc.
Advanced Functions. In this chapter, we go beyond the basics of using functions. I’ll assume you can define and work with functions taking default arguments: > def foo(a, b, x=3, y=2): ... return (a+b)/(x+y) ... > foo(5, 0) 1.0. > foo (10, 2, y=3) 2.0. > foo(b=4, x=8, a=1) 0.5.
Python and Types. Dynamic typing: Python determines the data types of variable bindings in a program automatically. Strong typing: But Python’s not casual about types, it enforces the types of objects. For example, you can’t just append an integer to a string, but must first convert it to a string .
• functions: package a group of statements so they can be used ("called") from other places in a program • libraries: functions already written for you
