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Thus, in the contemporary psychometric approach, confirmatory IRT models are applied to understand and measure individual differences. The intelligence construct is elaborated in confirmatory IRT models by comparing alternative models as explaining item responses.
1 lut 2024 · Intelligence in psychology refers to the mental capacity to learn from experiences, adapt to new situations, understand and handle abstract concepts, and use knowledge to manipulate one’s environment. It includes skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, learning quickly, and understanding complex ideas.
30 paź 2024 · Psychometric theories have generally sought to understand the structure of intelligence: What form does it take, and what are its parts, if any?
For Binet and Simon, intelligence entailed three aspects: direction, or knowing what needs to be done and how to do it; adaptation, or selecting and monitoring strategies as we move toward realizing a goal; and criticism, or recognizing when
Human Intelligence is the most comprehensive, current, and readable textbook on human intelligence available today. Written by leading experts in the field, the text includes IQ-test-based, biological, cognitive, cultural, and systems-based perspectives.
The theories are grouped into four major theory types: (1) psychometric theories; (2) cognitive theories; (3) cognitive-contextual theories; and (4) biological theories. Psychometric theories derive from studying individual differences in test performance on cognitive tests.
In this chapter, the authors first describe the major historical exploratory factor analytic theories and their implications for measuring and understanding intelligence. Then, several item response theory (IRT) models are elaborated. Both unidimensional and multidimensional models are presented.
