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Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) produce light (or infrared radiation) by the recombination of electrons and electron holes in a semiconductor, a process called "electroluminescence". The wavelength of the light produced depends on the energy band gap of the semiconductors used.
Electronics Tutorial about the Light Emitting Diode or LED with LED Types, Colours and the use of Series Resistors to limit current flow
A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor device that emits light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor recombine with electron holes, releasing energy in the form of photons.
At room temperature, the voltage across an LED was measured to be 1.67 V. What is the band gap of this semiconductor, and what wavelength of light is emitted? Why are most LEDs made from direct semiconductors? Does an LED work in forward or reverse bias? Why?
Light Emitting Diode Structure. LEDs are p-n junction devices constructed of gallium arsenide (GaAs), gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP), or gallium phosphide (GaP). Silicon and germanium are not suitable because those junctions produce heat and no appreciable IR or visible light.
Light can be produced and/or controlled electronically in a number of ways. In light emitting diodes (LEDs), light is produced by a solid state process called electroluminescence. Under specific conditions, solid state light sources can produce coherent light, as in laser diodes.
LEDs (that's "ell-ee-dees") are a particular type of diode that convert electrical energy into light. In fact, LED stands for "Light Emitting Diode." (It does what it says on the tin!) And this is reflected in the similarity between the diode and LED schematic symbols: In short, LEDs are like tiny lightbulbs.
