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1. Introduction. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology that makes it possible for users to make telephone calls over the internet or intranet networks. The technology does not use the traditional Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN); instead calls are made over an internet protocol data network.
This chapter will provide the background necessary to answer fundamental questions about VoIP and provide insight into the operations common to most VoIP deployments. Let’s begin with a definition of VoIP, explaining why it became so popular and discussing the issues associated with this growing technology.
VoIP is a group of specialized software elements, each performing a specific task. Every phone call (whether VoIP or non-VoIP) has two basic components, each using an allotted amount of bandwidth to do its specific job. These call components are. The voice portion: Also called the media of the call or the payload.
This book offers an accessible introduction and practical guide to Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) technology, providing readers with the know-how to solve the problems encountered in applying VoIP technology across all types of network.
VoIP topics, including an introduction to VoIP and elements of a VoIP network) and focus on the remaining seven chapters, which address more advanced VoIP concepts. Specifically, the chapters in this book cover the following topics:
38 Practical Fundamentals of Voice over Internet Protocol (VOIP) for Engineers and Technicians. Real Time Transport Protocol (RTP) along with its companion protocol RTP Control Protocol (RTCP) allows receivers to compensate for the jitter and desequencing caused by IP networks. RTP and RTCP operate above UDP.
Some of the current protocols include SIP, IAX, H.323,MEGACO, and MGCP. Let’s look at some details of the first three, as they may be the ones you are most likely to encounter. SIP, or Session Initiation Protocol, is the most commonly used VoIP protocol and was developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).
