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There are many factors to consider when choosing an opioid, including the degree of desired analgesia, onset and duration of action, adverse efects, and availability. This table can help you do what you do best—comfort your patients in their time of need.
15 mg/kg, IV, tid; 10–14 mg/kg, PO, bid; use of phenylbutazone in cats has decreased since the introduction of other NSAIDs with better safety margins. a Recommended dosages of opiates may produce excitement in cats and horses.
Morphine. Dogs: 0.05–0.4 mg/kg, IV, q 1–4 h; 0.2–1 mg/kg, IM or SC, q 2–6 h; 0.1 mg/kg diluted with 0.9% saline administered epidurally at 0.23 mL/kg, q 8–24 h. Cats: 0.1–0.25 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SC, q 2–4 h. Incremental IV bolus technique: dogs—increments of 0.1 mg/kg until analgesia appears adequate; cats—increments of 0.02 mg/kg.
Dogs: 0.2–0.5 mg/kg slow IV loading bolus followed by 0.1–0.3 mg/kg/h CRI. Cats: 0.05–0.1 mg/kg IV loading bolus followed by 0.025–0.2 mg/kg/h CRI. Fentanyl is a full opioid agonist with similar properties to morphine.
Morphine, as well as other opiates and opioids, is commonly used in both human and veterinary practice to provide pain relief. Drugs classified in this category include Percocet, Vicodin, hydrocodone, and fentanyl. It also includes illicit drugs such as heroin.
Postoperative analgesia: 3–4 mg/kg PO once daily as needed, not to exceed 7 days; chronic pain: 1–2 mg/kg PO once daily as needed Not for epidural use Not for CRI
These updated guidelines present a practical and logical approach to the assessment and management of acute and chronic pain in canine and feline patients. Recognizing pain is fundamental to successful treatment, and diagnostic guides
