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15 wrz 2024 · High-temperature heat pumps (HTHPs) facilitate recovery and subsequent utilisation of waste heat generated by various production processes, including drying, evaporation, food preparation, papermaking, and sterilization [6, 7].
Optimised electricity purchase: Operation of the heat pump based on the forecasted electricity price at the spot market. Thereby reducing electricity buying costs. Reducing the need for balancing energy: Possibility to reduce/counteract forecasting errors within a balancing group leading to a reduced need for balancing energy.
The paper describes a mathematical model of the heat pump system of autonomous heat supply. Calculations of the temperature at the outlet of the pipeline and the heat pump are given; heat generation and heater condition.
The investigated applications are: operation to reduce loading of the electric distribution grid, operation at the reserve markets, operation at the EEX spot market, operation to reduce the need for balancing-energy, operation to maximise PV self-consumption and operation to increase HP efficiency.
In this work different business models that could arise from using the flexibility of residential heat pumps in a smart grid context are analysed. The investigated applications are:...
Industrial heat pumps are an emerging technology for electrifying and decarbonizing the heat supply, such as hot water, hot air, and steam. However, integrating industrial heat pumps into business models is not yet common. As a result, little research has been conducted linking business model frameworks to the rapidly evolving heat pump sector.
spot prices from NordPool, this study shows that buildingswith a heat pump and district heating can reduce their annual total heating costs by between 2 -33% if the heating is optimized for lowest heating cost.
