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Purpose. This test is commonly used to identify possible subacromial impingement syndrome. Technique. The examiner places the patient's arm shoulder in 90 degrees of shoulder flexion with the elbow flexed to 90 degrees and then internally rotates the arm. The test is considered to be positive if the patient experiences pain with internal rotation.
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- Infraspinatus Test
Evidence [edit | edit source]. The infraspinatus test showed...
- Subacromial Pain Syndrome
The combination of the Hawkins-Kennedy Test, the Painful Arc...
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6 sie 2021 · Hawkins Test technique performed by flexing shoulder to 90°, flex elbow to 90°, and forcibly internally rotate driving the greater tuberosity farther under the CA ligament.
Hawkins-Kennedy: Sensitivity (SN): .63 (.39–.86) Specificity (SP): .62 (.46–.77), Likelihood ratio (+LR): 1.63 (.94–2.81) Testing: Shoulder is flexed to 90 degrees and then internally rotated with elbow flexed to 90 degrees. Positive Test: Pain with IR.
Specificity: 62% Sensitivity: 92% for subacromial bursitis, 88% rotator cuff tear. References: Interexaminer reliability of orthopaedic special tests used in the assessment of shoulder pain. Diagnostic accuracy of clinical tests for the different degrees of subacromial impingement syndrome.
20 wrz 2024 · Diagnosis can be made on physical examination with a positive Neer and Hawkins tests, and can be supplemented with MRI studies. Treatment is a trial of nonoperative measures including NSAIDs, physical therapy and corticosteroid injections.
Hawkins-Kennedy Test To perform this test both the elbow and the shoulder should be flexed at 90°. The examiner must support the arm of the patient at the level of the elbow so that the upper extremity can be as much relaxed as possible.
The Hawkins test is done also to check for impingement. It is done by flexing the arm (forward) to 90°, placing the pronated elbow in 90° of flexion, and then forcibly rotating the shoulder internally (moving the hand downward).
