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15 maj 2024 · Hairpin loops form in single-stranded nucleic acids and consist of a base-paired stem and a loop sequence with unpaired nucleotide bases. They consist of several unpaired bases within the loop, varying from 7 to 20 base pairs (bp).
The hairpin loop forms in an mRNA strand during transcription and causes the RNA polymerase to become dissociated from the DNA template strand. This process is known as rho-independent or intrinsic termination, and the sequences involved are called terminator sequences.
(A) Typical hairpin design begins with an optimal siRNA core that is extended in one or both directions to a total stem length of 19 to 29 bp. The 3' end of the upper siRNA strand is connected to...
The hairpin loop forms in an mRNA strand during transcription and causes the RNA polymerase to become dissociated from the DNA template strand. This process is known as rho-independent or intrinsic termination, and the sequences involved are called terminator sequences.
Nucleic acid hairpin or stem loop structures can arise from inverted repeat (IR) sequences or palindromes, which are DNA sequences followed downstream by their reverse complements, when half of the single-stranded symmetry folds back and intra-strand base pairs with the other half on the same strand, forming a stem loop in which the size of the ...
This review focuses on DNA hairpins, i.e., DNA with intrastrand base pairing, and their functions and properties in light of the specific behavior of DNA in horizontal gene transfer between bacterial cells. Hairpin structures can be formed by sequences with inverted repeats (IRs), also termed palindromes, following two main mechanisms.
In DNA hairpins with a 2-, 3-, and 4-nt loop, T m values decrease in that order when the helical stem is in the B-form, whereas they increase when the stem is in the Z-form (208). This observation suggests that 2-nt loops can be formed in B-hairpins but not in Z-hairpins.
