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Flavonoids (or bioflavonoids; from the Latin word flavus, meaning yellow, their color in nature) are a class of polyphenolic secondary metabolites found in plants, and thus commonly consumed in the diets of humans.
flavonoid, any of a class of nonnitrogenous biological pigments extensively represented in plants. Flavonoids are water-soluble phenolic compounds (having a –OH group attached to an aromatic ring) and are found in the vacuoles of plant cells. More than 3,000 different flavonoids have been described.
29 gru 2013 · Flavonoids are the most common and widely distributed group of plant phenolic compounds, occurring virtually in all plant parts, particularly the photosynthesising plant cells. They are a major coloring component of flowering plants. Flavonoids are an integral part of human and animal diet.
Flavonoids are hydroxylated phenolic substances and are known to be synthesized by plants in response to microbial infection [3]. Their activities are structure dependent. The chemical nature of flavonoids depends on their structural class, degree of hydroxylation, other substitutions and conjugations, and degree of polymerization [4].
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites that are very abundant in plants, fruits, and seeds, responsible for the color, fragrance, and flavor characteristics. In plants, flavonoids perform many functions like regulating cell growth, attracting pollinators insects, and protecting against biotic and abiotic stresses [1].
Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds spotted in various fruits, vegetables, barks, tea plants, and stems and many more natural commodities. They have a multitude of applications through their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-carcinogenic properties, along with the ability to assist in the stimulation of bone formation.
Flavonoids are potent antibacterial agents and their chemical structures and concentrations determine their bactericidal potentials. • Flavonoids targeting signaling pathways are involved in diabetes mellitus through their interaction with related receptors and genes. •
