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21 lis 2023 · Ex post facto design is a quasi-experimental study examining how an independent variable, present prior to the study in the participants, affects a dependent variable.
22 lut 2020 · Ex-post facto design, as defined by Akinlua [29], is a descriptive study in which variables that already exist have happened without the researcher's influence. The design was adopted in...
20 maj 2019 · Ex post facto research design examines how an independent variable (groups with particular features that already exist prior to a study) impacts a dependent variable, in accordance with...
27 gru 2012 · Covers the spectrum of research design strategies, from material presented in introductory classes to topics necessary in graduate research; Addresses cross- and multidisciplinary research needs, with many examples drawn from the social and behavioral sciences, neurosciences, and biomedical and life sciences; Provides summaries of advantages ...
These two examples reflect two types of approach to causal-comparative research: the ‘cause-to-effect’ kind and the ‘effect-tocause’ kind. The basic design of causal-comparative investigations is similar to an experimentally designed study.
Ex post facto research cannot be used to demonstrate causality among variables but can suggest it; it explores problems or conditions after the fact (“Three Research Designs,” 2009).
The term ex post facto is from Latin and literally means “from after the action.” This design, when employed experimentally, functions as a comparison between groups without the use of a pretest. The design type is employed both by classic experimental research as well as field research.
