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15 sty 2014 · KRAS mutations activate RAS proteins that continuously stimulate the signalling pathways in the absence of upstream stimulation of EGFR (constitutive activation). Consequently, tumours bearing a KRAS mutation are less likely to respond to anti-EGFR drugs .
15 sty 2014 · EGFR and HER-2 may be promising prognostic and therapeutic targets in canine gastric epithelial neoplasms. The potential presence of KRAS mutation should be taken into account as a possible mechanism of drug resistance. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the role of dog as a model for human gastric cancer.
We evaluated EGFR expression at protein and mRNA levels in canine intestinal adenocarcinomas using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RNA in situ hybridization (RNA-ISH). We also investigated the mutation status of EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF to aid the development of anti-EGFR agents for canine intestinal adenocarcinoma.
30 kwi 2021 · The EGFR, KRAS, and BRAF genes showed wild-type sequences at the mutation hot spots in all 13 specimens. Thus, EGFR might serve as a promising diagnostic marker in canine intestinal adenocarcinoma, and further studies would be needed to develop EGFR-targeted anticancer therapies.
Fifty-eight (46.4%) patients harbored genetic mutations of which 49 had single somatic mutations, 5 had multiple exonic and 4 showed coexisting EGFR and KRAS mutations. EGFR mutations were seen in 24.8%, KRAS in 19.2% and BRAF (non-V600E) in 2.4% cases.
Stomach acid within the esophagus causes esophagitis (esophageal irritation), which is associated with a variety of clinical signs in dogs. What are the clinical signs of GERD? In humans, GERD is associated with the pain that is commonly referred to as heartburn.
14 lis 2019 · Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (K-RAS) are two of the main significant biomarkers for the management of NSCLC. Mutations in these genes were associated with development and response to therapies.
