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17 lip 2023 · Angiotensin II normally constricts the efferent arteriole, so ACE inhibitors (or angiotensin receptor blockers) dilate the afferent arteriole. Note that endogenously produced compounds (PGE2 and Angiotensin II) increase the GFR, and exogenous medications decrease the GFR (NSAIDS and ACEi or ARBs).
The efferent arterioles form a convergence of the capillaries of the glomerulus, and carry blood away from the glomerulus that has already been filtered. They play an important role in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate despite fluctuations in blood pressure.
Vasodilation in the afferent arteriole and vasconstriction in the efferent arteriole will increase blood flow (and hydrostatic pressure) in the glomerulus and will increase GFR. Conversely, vasoconstriction in the afferent arteriole and vasodilation in the efferent arteriole will decrease GFR.
4 kwi 2015 · Cardiac output is determined by heart rate and stroke volume (CO = HR x SV). The M 3 receptors are mainly expressed in vascular endothelium. The predominate effect of M 3 receptor activation is dilatation of the vessels, by stimulating nitric oxide production by vascular endothelial cells[ 6 ].
13 sty 2023 · Afferent and efferent arterioles transport blood in and out of the glomerulus. Hypovolemia-induced reduction in glomerular filtration leads to decreased flow of NaCl to specialized epithelial cells (macula densa). This, in turn, sends signals to the adjacent afferent arteriole to vasodilate and increase glomerular filtration.
15 maj 2018 · An increase in the afferent arteriolar diameter (decrease in resistance) causes an increase in the glomerular capillary hydrostatic pressure and an increase in GFR. A decrease in the diameter of the afferent arteriole has the opposite effect.
23 lut 2017 · Heart failure patients have an impaired GFR, lower renal blood flow with resulting increased filtration fraction, and increased renal vascular resistance in the efferent arteriole. RBF, renal blood flow; snGFR, single-nephron glomerular filtration rate.
