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journalists and bloggers were physically assaulted between 2013 and 2017 by government officials or individuals believed to be aligned to government officials; at least two died
From 2013, secular and human rights bloggers and writers in Bangladesh were systematically targeted by groups associated with Al Qaeda or Islamic State for horrific killings, attacks, and sustained harassment. At least twelve writers were killed in Bangladesh during 2013–18 and several other murders were attempted.
Journalists continue to be targeted because of their work. In 2022, 86 were killed around the world, compared to 55 in 2021. Beyond that increase, the impunity for these crimes remains of particular concern, with only 14 per cent of cases of killed journalists over the past two decades considered judicially resolved.
The online harassment and attacks against journalists range from defamation and disinformation campaigns, gendered and racist hate speech, trolling, death threats, smear campaigns and threats against their family mem-bers. States have a duty to protect all journalists from threats, attacks, reprisals and acts of intimidation, in-
investigations into threats or violent attacks against bloggers or other individuals engaged in journalistic activity online. – The laws governing the liability of bloggers, including defamation law, incitement and other speech-related offences, must comply with international freedom of expression standards.
30 mar 2021 · The present working paper identifies the main issues that prevent journalists from doing their job freely and safely, in particular, physical attacks, online hate speech, surveillance, smear...
death threats are about privatizing relationships, dehumanizing the victims, and isolating them from family, friends, the criminal justice system, the mental health system, etc.
