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His first language was Urdu, but Persian and Turkish were also spoken at home. He received an education in Persian and Arabic at a young age. During Ghalib's period, the words "Hindi" and Urdu" were synonyms (see Hindi–Urdu controversy ).
The Hindi and Urdu controversy existed in India during freedom struggle. It suggests that Hindi and Urdu have a long history of conflict on many levels. Therefore, the chapter deals with the various sides of the issue up to some detail and end with a reading that helps relating the issue to the problem of attitudinal perception.
Summary. This work, published in Delhi in 1920, is a history of the Urdu language from its origins to the development of an Urdu literature. Urdu and Hindi share an Indo-Aryan base, but Urdu is associated with the Nastaliq script style of Persian calligraphy and reads right-to-left, whereas Hindi resembles Sanskrit and reads left-to-right.
good English vocabulary is essential for Pakistanis who learn English as an additional language. This study compares and contrasts vocabulary features of Intermediate-level Urdu and English text-books. It also investigates the second language acquisition possibilities and difficulties, as well as ease in the use of English vocabulary by Urdu ...
Instead of English, Urdu, Bengali - the movement to give equal status to all languages in the state. English made English as the state language in order to continue the imperialist and feudal system of exploitation while keeping the various linguistic communities of Pak-India backward.
1 OBJECTIVES. In this unit, we shall consider the question of language per se as also Hindi and Urdu in the Indian subcontinent. You will be acquainted with the complex circumstances in the twentieth century Indian context that shaped the role of communication among the larger population.
