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1 sty 2003 · Comparisons to genomic or expressed sequence data from human and other organisms, combined with in silico gene predictions, allowed us to establish a gene index for human chromosome 14.
6 lut 2003 · Chromosome 14 is one of five acrocentric chromosomes in the human genome. These chromosomes are characterized by a heterochromatic short arm that contains essentially ribosomal RNA genes, and a euchromatic long arm in which most, if not all, of the protein-coding genes are located.
Chromosome 14 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 14 spans about 107 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in cells.
Two copies of chromosome 14, one copy inherited from each parent, form one of the pairs. Chromosome 14 spans more than 107 million DNA building blocks (base pairs) and represents about 3.5 percent of the total DNA in cells. Identifying genes on each chromosome is an active area of genetic research.
This review focuses on the current developments on human chromosome 14 with respect to genetic maps, physical maps, transcript maps, sequence maps, genes, diseases, mouse-human comparative maps, and imprinting.
PNMA family members are encoded by at least 15 genes localized to human chromosome 14 (PNMA1 and MOAP-1), chromosome 19 (PNMA8A-C, and CCDC8), chromosome 8 (PNMA2), and X chromosome (PNMA3, PNMA5, and PNMA6A, PNMA6B, PNMA6E, PNMA6F, PNMA7A, and PNMA7B, Table 1).
Mutations on chromosome 14 (presenilin 1) account for an estimated 70% of early-onset AD. Another abnormality on chromosome 1 (presenilin 2), may explain a further 20% to 25% of early-onset AD. Apolipoprotein E (APOE, gene; ApoE, protein) on chromosome 19 is the major genetic susceptibility locus for the common forms of AD.
