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Here, we summarize the main unique properties of α-nucleosides, for example, their higher stability compared to the β-anomer, specific parallel double-stranded structure of α-β duplex, inhibition of tumors, bacteria and malaria parasites, and other biological properties.
The ability of each strand of a DNA molecule to act as a template for producing a complementary strand enables a cell to copy, or replicate, its genes before passing them on to its descendants. In the next chapter we describe the elegant machinery the cell uses to perform this enormous task.
The beta anomer is preferred because β-D-glucopyranose is the only aldohexose which can be drawn with all its bulky substituents (-OH and -CH 2 OH) in equatorial positions, making it the most stable of the eight D-aldohexoses, which probably accounts for its widespread prevalence in nature.
Beta anomers play a critical role in polysaccharide formation by dictating the type of glycosidic bonds that are formed. For instance, cellulose, composed of beta-D-glucose units linked together, provides structural integrity to plant cell walls, while starch, formed from alpha-D-glucose units, serves as an energy reserve.
In this review, recent crystallographic studies of pol β in various liganded and conformational states during the insertion of right and wrong nucleotides as well as during the bypass of damaged DNA (apurinic sites and 8-oxoguanine) are described.
12 cze 2023 · The remarkable structure of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), from the nucleotide up to the chromosome, plays a crucial role in its biological function. The ability of DNA to function as the material through which genetic information is stored and transmitted is a direct result of its elegant structure.
9 cze 2022 · Present-day known predominance of the β - over the α -anomers in nucleosides and nucleotides emerges from a thermodynamic analysis of their assembly from their components, i.e. bases, sugars, and a phosphate group.
