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The costal margin, also known as the costal arch, is the lower edge of the chest (thorax) formed by the bottom edge of the rib cage.
22 gru 2022 · The costal margin forms the lower margin of the thoracic wall. It functions to protect higher abdominal organs such as the liver as the greater part of the liver lies just below the right costal margin. The costal margin also acts as one of the attachment points for the diaphragm.
The mean +/- SD distance of the liver edge below the costal margin was 3.0 +/- 0.7 cm, with a normal range from 1.6 to 4.4 cm. According to our results, we recommend investigation for hepatomegaly when the liver is palpated more than 4.4 cm below the costal margin.
General Presentation. Hepatomegaly can represent intrinsic liver disease or may be the presenting physical finding of a generalized disorder. It is important to realize that the liver is easily palpated in most children at 1-2 cm below the right costal margin.
In a considerable number of infants up to 6 months, the liver edge projects 3·0 to 3·5 cm. In children 10 to 16 years, the liver edge usually projects no more than 1 cm., though in occasional cases as much as 2 cm. below the costal margin.
The characteristic shape, inability to ‘get above it’, a hilar notch beneath the costal margin and movement with the thorax on respiration serve to distinguish splenomegaly from renal, retroperitoneal or abdominal masses (D).
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