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Review your understanding of chromosome pairs in this free article aligned to NGSS standards. Key points: Every species has its own specific number of chromosomes. For example, humans have 46 chromosomes in a typical body cell. Many species have chromosomes that come in matched pairs.
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- Chromosomes and Genes
Genes are located in the chromosomes of cells, with each...
- Chromosome Pairs
In an organism, a pair of homologous chromosomes may have...
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In an organism, a pair of homologous chromosomes may have the same allele for a gene, or they may have different alleles for a gene. To help us understand this, let's take a look at an illustrative example using pea plants.
In some cases, the answer is yes. Genes that are sufficiently close together on a chromosome will tend to "stick together," and the versions (alleles) of those genes that are together on a chromosome will tend to be inherited as a pair more often than not. This phenomenon is called genetic linkage.
Our genetic information is stored in 23 pairs of chromosomes that vary widely in size and shape. Chromosome 1 is the largest and is over three times bigger than chromosome 22. The 23rd pair of chromosomes are two special chromosomes, X and Y, that determine our sex.
VIEW PROFESSIONAL VERSION. Genes |. Chromosomes |. Traits |. Genetic Disorders. Genes are segments of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that contain the code for a specific protein that functions in one or more types of cells in the body or the code for functional ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules.
30 lip 2022 · Diploid organisms contain a pair of each chromosome; humans have 23 pairs for a total number of 46 chromosomes. Pairs of chromosomes, also known as homologous chromosomes, contain the same genes though there may be differences between the version of gene on each member of the pair.
31 lip 2022 · Bands appear when the chromosomes are stained with a dye, and the dark bands mark more compacted DNA (usually, with fewer genes), while the light bands mark less compacted DNA (usually, with more genes). Most importantly, the two homologues in a pair carry the same type of genetic information.
