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By finding recombination frequencies for many gene pairs, we can make linkage maps that show the order and relative distances of the genes on the chromosome.
Gene mapping or genome mapping describes the methods used to identify the location of a gene on a chromosome and the distances between genes. Gene mapping can also describe the distances between different sites within a gene. The essence of all genome mapping is to place a collection of molecular markers onto their respective positions on the ...
A genetic map (or recombination map) is a representation of the linear order of genes (or loci), and their relative distances determined by crossover frequency, along a chromosome. The fact that such linear maps can be constructed supports the concept of genes being arranged in a fixed, linear order along a single duplex of DNA for each chromosome.
A linkage map (also known as a genetic map) is a table for a species or experimental population that shows the position of its known genes or genetic markers relative to each other in terms of recombination frequency, rather than a specific physical distance along each chromosome.
In Sturtevant's gene map, six traits are arranged along a linear chromosome according to the relative distance of each from trait B. Traits include yellow body (B), white eyes (C, O),...
Physical maps specify the distances between landmarks along a chromosome. Ideally, the distances are measured in nucleotides, so that the map provides a direct description of a chromosomal DNA molecule. The most important landmarks in physical mapping are the cleavage sites of restriction enzymes.
Genetic distance is a function of the frequency of recombination and these two variables are positively correlated. Differences in genetic-map resolution that are obtainable from family data versus single-sperm-typing data are evident from analysis of the 3.3 Mb region of the human MHC.
