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14 godz. temu · In mathematics and computer algebra, automatic differentiation (auto-differentiation, autodiff, or AD), also called algorithmic differentiation, computational differentiation, is a set of techniques to evaluate the partial derivative of a function specified by a computer program.. Automatic differentiation exploits the fact that every computer calculation, no matter how complicated, executes a ...
14 godz. temu · The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e, which is an irrational and transcendental number approximately equal to 2.718 281 828 459. The natural logarithm of x is generally written as ln x, log e x, or sometimes, if the base e is implicit, simply log x. Parentheses are sometimes added for clarity, giving ln(x), log e (x), or log(x).
14 godz. temu · In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of an assumed probability distribution, given some observed data.This is achieved by maximizing a likelihood function so that, under the assumed statistical model, the observed data is most probable. The point in the parameter space that maximizes the likelihood function is called the maximum likelihood ...
14 godz. temu · STV ballot papers from the 2011 Irish general election. The single transferable vote (STV), sometimes mistakenly conflated with proportional ranked choice voting (P-RCV), is a weakly-proportional family of multi-winner electoral systems.They are a variation on the largest remainders method that uses solid coalitions rather than party lists.Votes in excess of an electoral quota are transferred ...
14 godz. temu · The metre (or meter in US spelling; symbol: m) is the base unit of length in the International System of Units (SI). Since 2019, the metre has been defined as the length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1 / 299 792 458 of a second, where the second is defined by a hyperfine transition frequency of caesium.. The metre was originally defined in 1791 by the ...
14 godz. temu · Educational research. Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech, or edtech) is the combined use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning. [1] [2] When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology.
14 godz. temu · Hubble's law, also known as the Hubble–Lemaître law, is the observation in physical cosmology that galaxies are moving away from Earth at speeds proportional to their distance. In other words, the farther they are, the faster they are moving away from Earth. The velocity of the galaxies has been determined by their redshift, a shift of the light they emit toward the red end of the visible ...
