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1 dzień temu · Probability theory. In probability theory and statistics, a normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable. The general form of its probability density function is The parameter is the mean or expectation of the distribution (and also its median and mode ), while ...
1 dzień temu · Suppose one wishes to calculate Pr(X ≤ 8) for a binomial random variable X. If Y has a distribution given by the normal approximation, then Pr(X ≤ 8) is approximated by Pr(Y ≤ 8.5). The addition of 0.5 is the continuity correction; the uncorrected normal approximation gives considerably less accurate results.
1 dzień temu · Definition. Consider a matrix A and a nonzero vector .If applying A to (denoted by ) simply scales by a factor of λ, where λ is a scalar, then is an eigenvector of A, and λ is the corresponding eigenvalue. This relationship can be expressed as: =. There is a direct correspondence between n-by-n square matrices and linear transformations from an n-dimensional vector space into itself, given ...
1 dzień temu · Motivation The graph of the logarithm base 2 crosses the x-axis at x = 1 and passes through the points (2, 1), (4, 2), and (8, 3), depicting, e.g., log 2 (8) = 3 and 2 3 = 8.The graph gets arbitrarily close to the y-axis, but does not meet it.. Addition, multiplication, and exponentiation are three of the most fundamental arithmetic operations. The inverse of addition is subtraction, and the ...
1 dzień temu · In computing, CUDA (originally Compute Unified Device Architecture) is a proprietary parallel computing platform and application programming interface (API) that allows software to use certain types of graphics processing units (GPUs) for accelerated general-purpose processing, an approach called general-purpose computing on GPUs ().CUDA API and its runtime: The CUDA API is an extension of the ...
1 dzień temu · Hubble's law, also known as the Hubble–Lemaître law, is the observation in physical cosmology that galaxies are moving away from Earth at speeds proportional to their distance. In other words, the farther they are, the faster they are moving away from Earth. The velocity of the galaxies has been determined by their redshift, a shift of the light they emit toward the red end of the visible ...
1 dzień temu · Properties Form and structure Gallium crystals Most metals are shiny and lustrous, at least when polished, or fractured. Sheets of metal thicker than a few micrometres appear opaque, but gold leaf transmits green light. This is due to the freely moving electrons which reflect light. Although most elemental metals have higher densities than nonmetals, there is a wide variation in their ...
