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14 godz. temu · The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant e, which is an irrational and transcendental number approximately equal to 2.718 281 828 459. The natural logarithm of x is generally written as ln x, log e x, or sometimes, if the base e is implicit, simply log x. Parentheses are sometimes added for clarity, giving ln(x), log e (x), or log(x).
14 godz. temu · In statistics, maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method of estimating the parameters of an assumed probability distribution, given some observed data.This is achieved by maximizing a likelihood function so that, under the assumed statistical model, the observed data is most probable. The point in the parameter space that maximizes the likelihood function is called the maximum likelihood ...
14 godz. temu · Hubble's law, also known as the Hubble–Lemaître law, is the observation in physical cosmology that galaxies are moving away from Earth at speeds proportional to their distance. In other words, the farther they are, the faster they are moving away from Earth. The velocity of the galaxies has been determined by their redshift, a shift of the light they emit toward the red end of the visible ...
14 godz. temu · AMST 0108 Childhood in America (Spring 2025) In this course we will explore “childhood” as an evolving social and cultural construct. Beginning by acknowledging great diversity in the lived experience of childhood (shaped by race, gender, geography, religion, ability/disability), we will examine representations of childhood and experiences of children from the early nineteenth century to ...
14 godz. temu · Maximilian Karl Emil Weber (/ ˈ v eɪ b ər /; German: [maks ˈveːbɐ]; 21 April 1864 – 14 June 1920) was a German sociologist, historian, jurist, and political economist who was one of the central figures in the development of sociology and the social sciences more generally. His ideas continue to influence social theory and research.. Born in Erfurt in 1864, Weber studied law and history ...
14 godz. temu · Ontology is the philosophical study of being. As one of the most fundamental concepts, being encompasses all of reality and every entity within it. To articulate the basic structure of being, ontology examines what all entities have in common and how they are divided into fundamental classes, known as categories.An influential distinction is between particular and universal entities.
14 godz. temu · Therefore, tables with clustered indexes need only one key-value pair to store a row, which is: Primary key data (key) - row data (value) Note. TiDB supports clustering only by a table’s PRIMARY KEY. With clustered indexes enabled, the terms the PRIMARY KEY and the clustered index might be used interchangeably.
